Diarylation of N- and O-nucleophiles through a metal-free cascade reaction

نویسندگان

چکیده

•Novel SNAr reactivity discovered with ortho-fluorinated diaryliodonium salts•Efficient diarylation of water, ammonia, primary amines, and anilines•Convenient simple route to triarylamines three different aryl groups•The products are easily derivatized through the retained iodide substituent Diaryl ethers, diarylamines, key structural motives in natural products, pharmaceuticals, material chemistry. Nevertheless, production highly functionalized derivatives these substance classes often requires time-consuming expensive multi-step syntheses, as methods for simultaneous introduction two structurally groups lacking. In this study, we present an atom-efficient metal-free difunctionalization N- O-nucleophiles one step. We anticipate methodology be a competitive sustainable alternative established arylation due broad scope, high functional group tolerance, excellent yields. The reaction setup avoidance toxic, sensitive, or reagents/catalysts grant utility outside advanced organic chemistry laboratories. Importantly, novel mechanism is expected enable new opportunities hypervalent heteroatom nucleophiles central strategy reach diarylated compounds that building blocks agrochemicals, materials, pharmaceuticals. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution classical tool such arylations, recent developments iodine-mediated arylations allow wider scope products. Herein, combine benefits strategies efficient transition-metal-free provide di- diaryl ethers single step (>100 examples). core unique specifically designed fluorinated salts, which unveils pathways iodine suitable aliphatic anilines, even water. It tolerates wide variety protecting groups, accessible derivatization O-arylated motifs pharmaceuticals.1Ruiz-Castillo P. Buchwald S.L. Applications palladium-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reactions.Chem. 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However, exchanging LG chloride resulted no S1). wanted extend aniline industrial relevance cells.3Wang Scholar,44Tan Das Maisuls I. Strassert C.A. Glorius F. Rhodium-catalyzed dealkenylative alkenes compounds.Angew. 60: 15650-15655https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202105355Google particular when introduced. Only traces anilines standard nucleophilic,45Brotzel Chu Y.C. Mayr Nucleophilicities secondary water.J. 72: 3679-3688https://doi.org/10.1021/jo062586zGoogle results hindered triarylamine satisfaction, 5 upon carefully reoptimized (Table S5). pyridine 40°C equivalents external base MgSO4 additive. Under conditions, 5a 80% two-gram scale 4A). substrate 4 alter reactivity,45Brotzel strongly correlated electronic properties 4. Alkylated generally reacted smoothly 5b–5e whereas steric interference decreased o-methylated (5f). Conjugated tolerated (5g 5h). Anilines EDG, p-OMe, p-SMe, p-NHAc, 5i–5o, presence halide substituents. bearing e.g., m-OMe (5p), (5q–5t), acid (5u) demanding. substrates nucleophile loading (5p 5r–5t) introducing (5j–5m 5v). With method, additional bromo- iodo-substituents difficult transition Pleasingly, diarylated, containing imide (5w), heterocycles (5x–5z), large ?-system (5aa), amino (5ab), peptide (5ac), steroid (5ad) moieties. next, modified 4B). (5ae–5ah) EDG (5ai–5am) tolerated, fashion, chloro-substituted 5r formed need amounts (vide supra). triethylphenyl feasible encumbered 5ak 5al. Triarylamines excessively crowded nitrogen centers uncommon literature. proved compared required compensate low nucleophilicity 4C). nitro (5an), CO2Me conversion. enabled positions C, thus delivering 5ao–5aq. Gratifyingly, remained completely regioselective 5aq sole atoms untouched. Diarylamines essential optical materials.1Ruiz-Castillo Scholar,2Chen extension straightforward manner. 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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Chem

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['2451-9308', '2451-9294']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2022.01.009